Sesterces (singular: sestertius) were a type of Roman coin used as currency in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire. The sestertius was one of the principal denominations of Roman coinage, valued at a quarter of a denarius. Here are some key points about sesterces:
Value and Denomination:
The sestertius was originally introduced during the Roman Republic and continued to be used through the early years of the Roman Empire.
It was valued at 2.5 asses, which was a smaller denomination of Roman coin. The denarius, another important Roman coin, was worth 16 asses.
Material and Appearance:
Sestertii were typically made of bronze or a copper alloy and were relatively large coins compared to other Roman denominations.
They featured various designs and inscriptions on both sides, often depicting portraits of Roman emperors, allegorical figures, deities, and scenes commemorating important events.
Usage and Economic Significance:
Sestertii were used for various transactions in the Roman economy, including trade, taxes, wages, and other everyday exchanges.
They were also used for making political statements and promoting the image of the reigning emperor. Emperors would sometimes issue sestertii with their portraits or symbols to disseminate their authority and achievements.
Decline and Replacement:
Over time, the purchasing power of the sestertius decreased due to factors such as inflation and economic changes.
By the 3rd century AD, the Roman economy was facing significant challenges, and the sestertius was eventually replaced by other coinage and new denominations.
Sestertii provide valuable insights into the economic and cultural aspects of ancient Rome. They offer glimpses of the rulers and events of the time and help historians and archaeologists piece together the history and daily life of the Roman Empire.
